1 | Acid | An acid is a chemical substance whose aqueous solutions are characterized by a sour taste, the ability to turn blue litmus red, and the ability to react with bases and certain metals (like calcium) to form salts. |
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2 | Alcohol | In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (–OH) is bound to a saturated carbon atom. |
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3 | Aldehyde | An aldehyde or alkanal is an organic compound containing a formyl group. The formyl group is a functional group, with the structure R-CHO, consisting of a carbonyl center (a carbon double bonded to oxygen) bonded to hydrogen and an R group, which is any generic alkyl or side chain. |
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4 | Alkane | In organic chemistry, an alkane, or paraffin (a historical name that also has other meanings), is a saturated hydrocarbon. Alkanes consist only of hydrogen and carbon atoms and all bonds are single bonds. |
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5 | Alkene | Alkene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one carbon–carbon double bond. |
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6 | Amidines | Amidines are a class of oxoacid derivatives. The oxoacid from which an amidine is derived must be of the form RnE(=O)OH, where R is a substituent. The −OH group is replaced by an −NH2 group and the =O group is replaced by =NR, giving amidines the general structure RnE(=NR)NR2 |
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7 | Ester | Esters are chemical compounds derived from an acid (organic or inorganic) in which at least one -OH (hydroxyl) group is replaced by an -O-alkyl (alkoxy) group. |
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8 | Ketone | In chemistry, a ketone (alkanone) is an organic compound with the structure RC(=O)R, Ketones and aldehydes are simple compounds that contain a carbonyl group (a carbon-oxygen double bond). |
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9 | Monoterpene | Monoterpenes are a class of terpenes that consist of two isoprene units and have the molecular formula C10H16. Monoterpenes may be linear (acyclic) or contain rings. |
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10 | Nitrile | A nitrile is any organic compound that has a −C≡N functional group. The prefix cyano- is used interchangeably with the term nitrile in industrial literature. |
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11 | Sesquiterpene | Sesquiterpenes are a class of terpenes that consist of three isoprene units and have the empirical formula C15H24. |
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